What is the Android Dream Electric Sheep? (titled Blade Runner: Is Android Dream of Electric Sheep? later in print) is a science fiction novel by American author Philip K. Dick, first published in 1968. The novel is set in post-apocalyptic San Francisco, where Earth's life has been severely damaged by the global nuclear war. Most animal species are endangered or extinct from extreme radiation poisoning, so having animals is now a sign of status and empathy, an attitude that is pushed against animals. This book serves as the main basis for the 1982 film Blade Runner, and many of the elements and themes are used in the 2017 Blade Runner 2049 sequel.
The main plot follows Rick Deckard, the bounty hunter assigned with "retirement" (ie killing) six missed Android Nexus-6 models, while the secondary plot follows John Isidore, a sub-par IQ man who helps the fugitives androids. In connection with Deckard's mission, this novel explores the problem of what it is to be human. Unlike humans, the android are said to have no sense of empathy.
Video Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
Sinopsis
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In post-apocalyptic 1992 (2021 in subsequent editions), after the "World War Terminus", Earth's dirty atmosphere led the United Nations to encourage mass emigration to colonies outside the world to preserve human genetic integrity, with encouragement from android free personal: robot waiter identical to human. On Earth, having real live animals is a status symbol, due to mass extinctions and cultural encouragement to greater empathy that has motivated a technology-based religion called Mercerism. The poor can only buy realistic looking electrical animals. Deckard, for example, has a black-faced sheep robot. Mercerism uses a "box of empathy" to connect concurrent users to the collective virtual reality of communal suffering, centered on martyr-like characters, Wilbur Mercer, who forever climbed the hill while being hit with a crashing stone.
The story also contains the mention of the "Penfield mood organ", which fills the role played by drugs that change the mind in Dick's other stories. This technology can lead to the mood of the desired people, such as "attitude like an optimistic business" or "the desire to watch television, no matter what is happening". A section in the opening chapter has Deckard and his wife, Iran, discussing what arrangements are used to start the day. He announced that he had scheduled six hours of "existential desperation" for later in order to overcome their loneliness in an almost deserted apartment building.
Plot summary
Reward hunter Rick Deckard signed a new police mission to earn enough money to buy live animals to replace his electric sheep, seeking greater existential gratification for himself and his depressed wife, Iran. The mission involves hunting down ("retired") six Android Nexus-6s that vigorously become naughty after being created by the Rosen Association, and running Mars to Earth. Deckard visits Rosen's headquarters in Seattle to confirm the validity of the question-and-answer empathy test: a method for identifying every android masquerading as a human. Deckard was greeted by Rachael Rosen, who quickly failed his test. Rachael tried to bribe Deckard to silence, but he verified that he was indeed the Nexus-6 model used by Rosen to try to discredit the test.
Deckard soon met with Soviet police contact who turned out to be one of the covert Nexus-6 attacks. Deckard resigned from android, then flew to rest his next target: an opera singer. This Android, however, had him arrested and detained in a police department he had never heard of by a police officer whom he was surprised to never meet. At this strange station, Deckard's world view was shaken when an official named Garland accused Deckard himself as an android. After a series of mysterious revelations at the station, Deckard reflects on his ethical and philosophical questions his line of work enhances android intelligence, empathy, and what it means to be human. Phil Resch, treasure hunter at the station, took the testing equipment to determine whether his coworkers - including Deckard and Resch himself - were android or human. Garland later revealed that the entire station is a fake, fully managed by android, including Garland himself. Resch shot Garland in the head and fled with Deckard; together, they find and capture the opera singer, the Resch brutally retired in cold blood. Although Resch and Deckard are now collaborators, each still worries that he (or his partner) may be an android. Deckard manages the empathy test for himself and Resch, which confirms that Resch is human - if that is very cruel - and that Deckard is also human, but with empathy for the android.
Only three of the five remaining Nexus-6 Android breakouts, and one, Pris Stratton, move into the only other apartment building are John R. Isidore, radioactive damaged, intellectually slow human beings are classified as "special." The lonely Isidore tries to befriend him. Roy and Irmgard Baty, the last two evil pilots, visited the building, and together they all planned a way of survival. Meanwhile, Deckard bought a genuine Nubian goat with prize money. After quitting, Deckard was withdrawn after being told of new clues and experiencing visions of a Mercer who like a prophet who explicitly told him to continue, regardless of the immorality of the mission. Deckard calls Rachael Rosen again, because his own knowledge as an android will help his investigation. Rachael reveals that he and Pris are exactly the same models, which means that he has to shoot down an android that looks exactly like him. Rachael persuades Deckard into sex, after which they confess their love for each other. However, he revealed that he had slept with many hunters, had been programmed to do so to deter them from their mission. After threatening to kill him, Deckard suddenly leaves.
Isidore developed friendships with three android fugitives, and they all watched television programs providing definitive proof that Mercerism is a hoax. Roy Baty tells Isidore that the show was produced by androids to discredit Mercerism and blur the differences with humans. Suddenly Deckard enters the building, with Mercer's supernatural scout appearing to him and Isidore. Since they attacked him first, Deckard was legally justified to shoot all three android without testing it. Isidore was destroyed, and Deckard was soon rewarded for recording the number of Nexus-6 killed in a single day. When Deckard returns home, he finds Iran mourning that Rachael Rosen has recently appeared and killed their goats.
Deckard goes to an uninhabited and protected area of ​​Oregon to ponder. He climbed the hill when he was hit by a falling rock and realized this was a scary experience similar to Mercer's martyrdom. Rushing back to his car, he stumbles suddenly over a frog, an animal previously thought to be extinct, and one of the sacred animals to Mercer. With newfound joy, Deckard brings home the frog, where Iran quickly finds it just a robot. While Deckard is unhappy, he decides that he at least prefers to know the truth, making the statement that "electrical things also have their lives, no matter how small life is."
Maps Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
Adaptations
Movies
In 1982, Hampton Fancher and David Peoples wrote a loose cinematic adaptation that became the film Blade Runner, featuring several novel characters. It was directed by Ridley Scott. Following the success of international films, the title Blade Runner was adopted for some later editions of the novel, although the term itself is not used in the original.
Radio
As part of the Dangerous Vision series dystopia in 2014, BBC Radio 4 broadcasts a two-part adaptation of the novel. It was produced and directed by Sasha Yevtushenko from an adaptation by Jonathan Holloway. It stars James Purefoy as Rick Deckard and Jessica Raine as Rachael Rosen. The episodes were originally aired on Sunday June 15 and June 22, 2014.
Audiobook
This novel has been released in the form of an audiobook at least twice. A version released in 1994 featuring Matthew Modine and Calista Flockhart.
A new audiobook version was released in 2007 by Random House Audio to coincide with the release of Blade Runner: The Final Cut . This version, read by Scott Brick, is not strung together and runs about 9.5 hours over eight CDs. This version is a tie-in, using the Blade Runner: The Final Cut movie poster and Blade Runner title.
Theater
An adaptation stage of the book, written by Edward Einhorn, runs from November 18 to December 10, 2010 at 3LD Art & amp; Technology Center in New York and West Coast Premiere on September 13, playing until October 10, 2013 at the Sacred Fools Theater Company in Los Angeles.
Comic book
EXPLOSION! Studio publishes 24 edition limited editions of comics based on What is Android Dream of Electric Sheep? contains the full text of the novel illustrated by artist Tony Parker. The comic gets nominated for "Best New Series" from the Eisner Awards 2010. In May 2010 BOOM! The studio started making a series of eight prequel to the issue of subtitle Dust To Dust and written by Chris Roberson and drawn by Robert Adler. The story happened in the days immediately after the World War Terminus.
Sequel
Three novels are meant as a sequel to both What is the Android Dream of Electric Sheep? and Blade Runner has been published:
- Blade Runner 2: Edge of Human (1995)
- Blade Runner 3: Replicant Night (1996)
- Blade Runner 4: Eye and Talon (2000)
This official and official sequel was written by a friend of Dick K. W. Jeter. They continue the story of Rick Deckard and try to reconcile the many differences between the novel and the 1982 film.
Critical reception
Critical reception of What is Android Dream of Electric Sheep? has been overshadowed by the popularity of the 1982 film adaptation, Blade Runner . Of the critics who focus on the novel, some nest especially in the history of the work of Philip K. Dick's body. In particular, Dick's 1972 speech "The Human and the Android" is cited in this connection. Jill Galvan calls attention to the correspondence between Dick's depiction of the narrative arrangement of dystopia, pollution, man-made and the description Dick provides in his increasingly artificial and false living presentations. Summarizing the crucial point of Dick's speech, Galvan argues, "[only] by acknowledging how [technology] has penetrated our understanding of 'life' can we achieve fully with the technology we produce" (414). As a "bildungsroman of cybernetic age," Galvan maintains, What is Android Dream of Electric Sheep? follows the gradual acceptance of one person from the new reality. Christopher Palmer emphasized Dick's speech to bring attention to the increasingly dangerous risks of humans becoming "mechanical". "Android threatens the reduction of what makes life worthwhile, but promises an extension or redefinition, as well as aliens and gods". Gregg Rickman cites another Dick novel, previously unknown and also associated with android, We Can Build You, affirming that What is Android Dream of Electric Sheep? can be read as a sequel.
In the departure of the tendency amongst most critics to examine the novel in relation to other Dick texts, Klaus Benesch examined What is Android Dream of Electric Sheep? Especially in connection with the Lacan essay on the mirror stage. There, Lacan claims that formation and self-assurance depend on the construction of Others through imaging, beginning with a double as seen in the mirror. Android, Benesch argues, performs duplication functions similar to mirror images themselves, but they do this on a social scale, not individually. Therefore, human anxiety about android expresses uncertainty about the identity of man and society. Benesch refers to Kathleen Woodward's emphasis on the body to illustrate another form of human anxiety about Android. Woodward insists that the debate about the differences between humans and machines usually fails to acknowledge the presence of the body. "If machines are always contrived as technological prostheses designed to strengthen the physical abilities of the body, they are also built, according to this logic, to defeat, to transcend humans in the physical sphere altogether".
Awards and honors
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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