Toyota

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Toyota Motor Corporation (Japanese: ????????? , Hepburn: Toyota Jid? Sha KK , IPA: Ã, [to? Jota] , English: ), usually abbreviated to Toyota , is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Toyota, Aichi , Japan. By 2017, Toyota's corporate structure comprises 364,445 employees worldwide and, by October 2017, is the world's fifth-largest company by revenue. In 2017, Toyota is the second largest automaker in the world. Toyota is the first car manufacturer in the world to produce more than 10 million vehicles per year since 2012, when it also reports its 200 million vehicle production. In July 2014, Toyota was Japan's largest listed company by market capitalization (more than double the # 2-ranked SoftBank ranking) and based on revenue.

Toyota is the world market leader in hybrid electric vehicle sales, and one of the largest companies to drive the adoption of mass market hybrid vehicles worldwide. Toyota is also a market leader in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Toyota's cumulative global sales and Lexus hybrid passenger car models reach 10 million marks in January 2017. The Prius family is the world's best-selling hybrid nameplate with more than 6 million units sold worldwide in January 2017.

The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937, as a spin-off from his father's company, Toyota Industries, to create cars. Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, he created his first product, the Type A engine, and his first passenger car in 1936, the Toyota AA. Toyota Motor Corporation manufactures vehicles under five brands, including Toyota, Hino, Lexus, Ranz, and Daihatsu brands. It also holds a 16.66% stake in Subaru Corporation, a 5.9% stake in Isuzu, as well as a joint venture with two in China (GAC Toyota and Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor), one in India (Toyota Kirloskar), one in Czech Republic ( TPCA), along with several "nonautomotive" companies. TMC is part of Toyota Group, one of the largest conglomerates in Japan.

Video Toyota

Corporate governance

Toyota is headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi. Toyota's headquarters is located in a 4-storey building in Toyota. In 2006, the headquarters had the Toyota logo "Toyopet" and the words "Toyota Motor". Toyota Technical Center, a 14-story building, and the Honsha factory, Toyota's second factory involved in mass production and formerly named the Koromo factory, are adjacent to each other at a location near the headquarters. Vinod Jacob from The Hindu describes the main headquarters building as "simple". In 2013, head of company Akio Toyoda reported that they had difficulty arresting foreign employees at headquarters due to lack of facilities in the city.

His office in Tokyo is located in Bunkyo, Tokyo. His office in Nagoya is located in Nakamura-ku, Nagoya. In addition to producing cars, Toyota provides financial services through the division of Toyota Financial Services, and also builds robots.

Presiden Toyota Motor Company:

• Rizaburo Toyoda (1937-1941)
• Kiichiro Toyoda (1941-1950)
• Taizo Ishida (1950-1961)
• Fukio Nakagawa (1961-1967)
• Eiji Toyoda (1967-1981)

In 1981, Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. announced plans to join its sales company, Toyota Motor Sales Co., Ltd. Since 1950, the two entities have existed as separate companies as a prerequisite for reconstruction in postwar Japan. Shoichiro Toyoda led Toyota Motor Sales in preparation for a merger improvement that took place in 1982. Shoichiro substituted his uncle Eiji as the joint President of the organization which came to be known as Toyota Motor Corporation.

Presiden Toyota Motor Corporation:

• Eiji Toyoda (1981)
• Shoichiro Toyoda (1982-1992)
• Tatsuro Toyoda (1992-1995)
• Hiroshi Okuda (1995-1999)
• Fujio Cho (1999-2005)
• Katsuaki Watanabe (2005-2009)
• Akio Toyoda (2009 - sekarang)

Ketua Toyota Motor Corporation:

• Shoichiro Toyoda (1992-1999)
• Hiroshi Okuda (1999-2006)
• Fujio Cho (2006-2013)
• Takeshi Uchiyamada (2013-sekarang)

On June 14, 2013, Toyota Motor Corporation. announce the appointment of an external board member; this is the first for the company and occurs after the approval of the common shareholders at a meeting on the same day. In addition, Vice Chairman Takeshi Uchiyamada replaces Fujio Cho as chairman, as the latter becomes the honorary chairman while Toyoda remains at the President's post.

Toyota is publicly traded on the Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Fukuoka and Sapporo exchanges with the company code TYO: 7203. In addition, Toyota is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the NYSE: Ã, TM and on the London Stock Exchange under the LSE: TYT. Toyota has been publicly traded in Japan since 1949 and internationally since 1999.

As reported in its consolidated financial statements, Toyota has 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226 affiliates.

• Toyota Motor North America (100% - 2004)
• Toyota Canada Inc. (51% - 2013)
• Toyota Tsusho - Trading company for Toyota Group
• Daihatsu Motor Company (100%)
• Hino Motors (50.1% - 2001)
• Lexus 100% (1989)
• Scion 100% (2003)
• DENSO (24.74% - 30 September 2006)
• Toyota Industries (23.51% - 31 March 2006)
• Aisin Seiki Co. (23.0% - 30 September 2006)
• Subaru Corporation (16.66% - June 28, 2008)
• Isuzu Motors (5.9% - 10 November 2006)
• PT Toyota-Astra Motor (49% - 2003)
• Noble Automotive (23% - 2014)
• PT Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia (95% - 2003)

Global rating

Toyota, formerly the world's third largest automotive manufacturer behind American General Motors and Ford, produced for the first time in the history of more vehicles than Ford in 2005, and in 2006 even more than General Motors and has become the largest automotive manufacturer in the world since then, except in 2011 when triggered by the 2011 T-hsu earthquake and tsunami, fell to position # 3 behind General Motors and the German Volkswagen Group.

Maps Toyota

History

1920s-1930s

In 1924, Sakichi Toyoda created the Loom Auto G Toy Model. The jidoka principle, which means the machine stops itself when a problem occurs, becomes part of the Toyota Production System. The loom is built on a small production line. In 1929, patents for automated looms were sold to the British company, Platt Brothers, which generated initial capital for car development.

Toyota car production began in 1933 as Toyoda Automatic Loom Works division devoted to car production under the direction of founding son Kiichiro Toyoda. His first vehicle was A1 and G1 passenger cars in 1935. Toyota Motor Co. was established as an independent company in 1937

The vehicle was originally sold under the name "Toyoda" (???), from the company's founding family name, Kiichir? Toyoda. In April 1936, Toyoda's first passenger car, Model AA, was completed. The selling price is 3,350 yen, 400 yen is cheaper than Ford or GM cars.

In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Of the 27,000 entries, the winning entries are three Japanese letters katakana for "Toyoda" in the circle. But Rizaburo Toyoda, who has married a family and was not born with that name, prefers "Toyota" ( ??? ) because it requires eight brushstrokes (lucky numbers) to be written in Japanese, visually simpler (leaving diacritics at the end), and with a silent consonant instead of a voiced voice (a voiced consonant is considered to have a "murky" or "muddy" "compared to a silent," clear "consonant).

Since toyoda literally means "fertile rice field", renaming also prevents companies from being associated with ancient farming. The newly formed word is a trademark and the company was registered in August 1937 as Toyota Motor Company.

1940s-1950s

From September 1947, Toyota's small-sized vehicles were sold under the name "Toyopet" (?????). The first vehicles sold under this name are Toyopet SA, but also include vehicles such as Toyopet SB light trucks, Toyopet Stout light trucks, Toyopet Crown, Toyopet Master, and Toyopet Corona. The word "Toyopet (Japanese article)" is a nickname given to Toyota SA because of its small size, as a result of the Toyota Company naming contest held in 1947. However, when Toyota finally entered the American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name not well received due to toy and pet connotations. The name was immediately dropped for the American market, but continued in other markets until the mid-1960s.

1960s-1970s

In the early 1960s, the US began to place rigid import tariffs on certain vehicles. The so-called "chicken tax" in 1964 put a 25% tax on imported light trucks. In response to tariffs, Toyota, Nissan Motor Co. and Honda Motor Co. began building factories in the US in the early 1980s.

1980s

Toyota received its first Japanese Quality Control Award in the early 1980s and began participating in a variety of motor sports. Due to the 1973 oil crisis, consumers in the lucrative US market began to switch to making small cars with better fuel economy. American car manufacturers have been considering small economy cars to be entry-level products, and their small vehicles use low quality levels to keep prices low. Toyota Conservative holds the rear wheel design for longer than most; while the first clear in their overall production was only third in the production of front-wheel-drive cars in 1983, behind Nissan and Honda. Partly because of this, Nissan Sunny managed to hit the Corolla in the amount built that year.

In 1982, Toyota Motor Company and Toyota Motor Sales merged into one company, Toyota Motor Corporation. Two years later, Toyota started a joint venture with General Motors called New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc., NUMMI, operating a car manufacturing plant in Fremont, California. The factory is an old General Motors factory that has been closed for two years. Toyota then began building a brand new in the late 1980s, with the launch of their luxury Lexus division in 1989.

1990s

In the 1990s, Toyota began to grow from producing the most compact cars by adding many larger and more luxurious vehicles to its ranks, including full-size pickups, the T100 (and later the Tundra), several SUV lines, sports versions of the Camry, known as Camry Solara. They will also launch newer and more iconic iterations of their sports cars, the MR2, Celica, and Supra during this era, all of which have become iconic in the 1990s.

With a large presence in Europe, due to the success of Toyota Team Europe, the company decided to set up Toyota Motor Europe Marketing and Engineering, TMME, to help market the vehicles on the continent. Two years later, Toyota set up a base in Great Britain, TMUK, because the company's cars became very popular among British drivers. Bases in Indiana, Virginia, and Tianjin were also formed. In 1999, the company decided to enroll on the New York and London Stock Exchanges.

2000s

In 2001, Toyota Toyo Trust and Banking joined two other banks to form the UFJ Bank, which was accused of corruption by the Japanese government for making bad loans to alleged Yakuza crime syndicates with executives accused of blocking the examination of the Financial Services Agency. UFJ is listed among Fortune Magazine , the world's largest money-making company, with Toyota chairman serving as director. At that time, UFJ was one of Toyota's biggest shareholders. As a result of Japan's banking crisis, UFJ joins Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi to become Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group.

In 2002, Toyota successfully entered the Formula One working team and established a joint venture with French automotive company CitroÃÆ'¡n and Peugeot a year after Toyota started producing cars in France.

A youth-oriented marque for North America, Scion, was introduced in 2003.

Toyota ranks eighth in Forbes 2000's list of world's leading companies for 2005 but dropped to 55th place for 2011. The company is number one in global car sales for the first quarter of 2008.

In 2007, Toyota released a large truck update, Tundra, produced in two American plants, one in Texas and one in Indiana. Motor Trend named the Tundra "Truck of the Year", and Toyota Camry "Car of the Year" 2007 for 2007. It also started construction of two new plants, one to build RAV4 at Woodstock. , Ontario, Canada, and others to build a Toyota Prius in Blue Springs, Mississippi, USA. The factory was originally intended to build the Toyota Highlander, but Toyota decided to use the factory in Princeton, Indiana, USA, instead. The company also found success recently with a smaller model - the Corolla and the Yaris.

2010s

In 2011, Toyota, along with most of the Japanese auto industry, suffered a series of natural disasters. The 2011 T-hsu earthquake and tsunami caused severe disruption to the supplier base and the decline in production and exports. Severe flooding during the 2011 rainy season in Thailand affected Japanese carmakers who had chosen Thailand as a production base. Toyota is estimated to have lost 150,000 units for the tsunami and produced 240,000 units for flooding.

On February 10, 2014, it was announced that Toyota would stop production of vehicles and engines in Australia by the end of 2017. The decision was based on unfavorable exports of Australian dollars that were unfeasible, high local production costs and a relatively small amount of competition in the local market. The Company plans to consolidate its corporate functions in Melbourne by the end of 2017. Headquarters will remain in Port Melbourne and the Altona plant will be maintained for other functions. Labor is expected to decrease from 3,900 to 1,300. Both Ford Motor Company and General Motors (Holden) follow, ending Australian production in 2016 and 2017 respectively.

The carmaker almost reached global sales for the first half of 2014, selling 5.1 million vehicles in the six months ended June 30, 2014, up 3.8% on the same period a year earlier. Volkswagen AG, which recorded sales of 5.07 million vehicles, is behind.

In August 2014, Toyota announced it would cut its spare parts in China by 35%. The company acknowledged the move in response to an inquiry overshadowed earlier by the China Development and Reform Commission of Toyota's Lexus spare parts policy, as part of an industry-wide inquiry into what Chinese regulators are considering at too high a price. by car manufacturers for spare parts and after-sales service.

In November 2015, the company announced that it would invest US $ 1 billion over the next 5 years into artificial intelligence and robotics research. In 2016, Toyota invested in Uber. The amount invested is not public information.

In March 2016, Toyota partnered with Yanmar to make fiberglass cruises using outboard outboard motors of Yanmar or Toyota's inboard engines.

In January 2018, Toyota announced the integration of its first smartphone control (currently only available for Apple phones with Apple Carplay) and smartwatch controllers with Amazon Alexa on Avalon.

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Call back

2009

From November 2009 to 2010, Toyota attracted more than 9 million cars and trucks worldwide in multiple withdrawal campaigns, and briefly stopped production and sales. After pressure from NHTSA, Toyota issued a withdrawal, after reporting that some vehicles were experiencing unwanted acceleration.

2012

In October 2012, Toyota announced the recall of 7.43 million vehicles worldwide to repair the damaged power window switch, the biggest recall since Ford Motor Company in 1996. The move came after a series of withdrawals between 2009 and 2011 in which it pulled back about 10 million cars in the middle of the wrong mechanical claims. In March 2014, Toyota agreed to pay a fine of US $ 1.2 billion for hiding information and misleading the public about the safety issues behind withdrawal on Toyota and Lexus vehicles affected by unwanted acceleration. Toyota has never approved the blame for this problem.

2014

In early November 2014, Toyota USA requested a withdrawal involving a damaged inflater and a propellant device that might be used incorrectly in the event of a collision, firing metal fragments into a passenger vehicle. More than 7 million vehicles are potentially affected in the United States. The recall only affected vehicles equipped with Takata air bags released after 2000 in North America. Airbag is manufactured by automotive manufacturing Takata. Toyota offers free repairs to all affected vehicles around the world. The fault in the Takata airbag also affected other North American car manufacturers.

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Logos and branding

In 1936, Toyota entered the passenger car market with Model AA and held a competition to establish a new logo that emphasized the pace for its new product line. After receiving 27,000 entries, one was selected which also resulted in a moniker change to "Toyota" from the family name "Toyoda". The new name is believed to sound better, and the eight-stroke count in Japanese is associated with wealth and good fortune. The original logo is no longer found on the vehicle but remains the corporate symbol used in Japan.

However, there are no guidelines for the use of brand names, so "TOYOTA", used in most parts of the world, is causing inconsistencies in its worldwide marketing campaigns.

To counter this, Toyota introduced a new logo worldwide in October 1989 to commemorate the company's 50th year, and to distinguish it from the newly released luxury Lexus brand. The logo debuted at Toyota Celsior 1989 and quickly gained recognition worldwide. Three ovals in the new logo combine to form the letter "T", which means Toyota. The overlap of two ovals perpendicular inside the larger oval represents a mutually beneficial relationship and trust between the customer and the company while the larger oval around these two ovals represents "the global expansion of Toyota's technology and unlimited potential for the future".

New logos began to appear on all printed materials, advertisements, dealer signboards, and most of the vehicles themselves in 1990.

In most countries or regions using Chinese language using traditional Chinese characters, e.g. Hong Kong and Taiwan, Toyota is known as "??". In Chinese-speaking countries using simplified Chinese characters (eg China), Toyota is known as "??" (Spoken as F? NgtiÃÆ'¡n in Chinese and H? Ng Tshan in Minnan language). This is the same character with the founder's family name "Toyoda" in Japanese.

Japanese

In Japan, Toyota currently maintains a separate dealer sales channel. The first sales channel established in 1946 called the "Toyota Store" (???? ) sells big luxury sedans like Toyota Century, and Toyota Crown. In 1955, Toyopet Store arrived, originally established to sell Toyota Corona and Toyopade Toyopade. (Toyota channel's five channel distributors in Japanese chronology in Japanese.) Toyota tries to use a hierarchical marketing approach, similar to the method used in North America, but applies it to all its dealer chains, with some exclusive models for specific locations.

Toyota operated a commercial dealer called Toyota Diesel Shop (DD Toyota D? Zeru-ten) from 1957 to 1988 selling various commercial truck platforms , buses, and forklifts, such as Toyota Dyna and Toyota Coaster. Hino's products were sold at a specific Hino location and distributed at the Diesel Diesel Store location after Toyota acquired the company in 1967. Beginning in 1980, Diesel Store also sells Starlet, Corolla, Corona, Vista and Crown installed with diesel engines. When Diesel Diesel Store is disbanded, commercial products are shared between Toyota Store and Toyopet Store locations.

Currently, "Toyota Corolla Store" (???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? > Toyota Paburika-ten ), founded to sell Toyota Publica in 1961, then renamed to sell the Toyota Corolla in 1966.

In 1980, "Toyota Vista Store" replaced the "Toyota Auto Store" (??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? in 1967. The name "Vista" was used on the new Camry-clone, called Toyota Vista.The Toyota Vista network was replaced with two networks: "Toyota NETZ" ("Nettsu-ten"/i>) in August 1998, and Lexus in 2004. Some previous Vista models were renamed Lexus (Rekusasu), such as Altezza and Aristo, while other products were taken over by " Toyota NETZ ", which already sells Toyota and Toyota RAV4." NETZ "stands for" Network of Energetic Teams for Zenith ".

In 2012, the location of selected Japanese dealers is given a special title called "Area 86" that resembles the North American Toyota network, called Scion, to sell Toyota 86, building a marketing approach starting with WiLL branded products. In 2017, the "Area 86" network renamed "GR" to Gazoo Racing, sharing a similar approach to Toyota Racing Development's performance division or "TRD", providing enhancements for 86, Vitz, Prius, Mark X, Harrier, Noah and Voxy.

Vehicles are sold at the Toyota Store (nationally)

Below is a list of all past and present models and where they are available in retail channels nationwide. Most models are exclusive to certain retail chains while some models, such as the Prius, are available in all sales channels. Retail chains in Tokyo, Osaka and Okinawa are different.

Century, Crown Majesta, Mahkota, Master, SAI, Mirai, Prius, Aqua, Allion, Sukses, Blade, Avensis, Sienta, Corolla RunX, C-HR, Porte, Estima, Isis, Lapang, FJ Cruiser, Kenyamanan, Land Cruiser, Hilux Surf, Land Cruiser Prado, Dyna, Stout, Esquire, Coaster, QuickDelivery, 2000GT, Carina, Carina ED, GT-86, Brevis, Gaia, Cavalier, Klasik, MasterAce, Hilux, Mega Cruiser, Soarer, Origin, Caldina.

Vehicles sold at Toyopet Store (nationally)

Mark X, SAI, Mirai, Premio, Prius, Aqua, Belta, Mark X ZiO, Sukses, Ractis, Auris, Blade, GT-86, Porte, Harrier, Vanguard, Esquire, Rush, C-HR, Avensis, Alphard, Comfort , HiAce, ToyoAce, Tank, Sienta, Pixis Space, Mark II-Mark II Qualis-Mark II Blit, Corona, Corona EXiV, Corona Coupe, Corsa, Opa, Avalon, ProgrÃÆ'¨s, Cami, ist, Platz, Soarer, Hilux , Cynos, Regius, Celsior, Asal, Caldina, Ipsum.

Vehicles sold at the Toyota Corolla Store (starting 1966), formerly Toyota Publica Store (nationally)

SAI, Camry, Prius, Aqua, Corolla Axio, GT-86, Belta, Spade, Probox, Corolla Rumion, C-HR, Ractis, Passo, Corolla Verso, Sera, Vanguard, Luas, Estima, Noah, Avensis, Sienta, TownAce , Pixis, Publica, Tercel, Windom, Scepter, Corolla Ceres, Asal, Nadia, WiLL, RAV4, Olahraga 800, Celica, Supra, Corolla Levin, Celica XX, Celica Camry.

Vehicles sold at Netz Store (starting 1998), formerly Toyota Vista Store (starting 1980), formerly Toyota Auto Store (starting 1967) (nationally)

Toyota sponsors several teams and has purchased naming rights for several places, including:

• Toyota Center, Houston, Texas
• Toyota Center, Kennewick, Washington
• Toyota Field, San Antonio, Texas
• Toyota Park, Bridgeview, Illinois
• Toyota Sports Center, El Segundo, California
• Toyota Stadium, Georgetown, Kentucky
• Toyota Stadium, Frisco, Texas

In 2017, Toyota is the official sponsor of Cricket Australia, the Cricket Council of England and Wales, and the AFL. In March 2015, Toyota became the sponsor partner for the Olympics, in the form of vehicle provision and communication between vehicles up to 2024.

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Company strategy

Toyota's management philosophy has evolved from the origins of the company and has been reflected in terms of "Lean Manufacturing" and Just In Time Production, which are instrumental in development. Toyota's managerial values ​​and business methods are known collectively as the Toyota Way. Many businesses around the world have adopted similar approaches to manufacturing.

In April 2001, Toyota adopted the "Toyota Way 2001", an expression of values ​​and behavior guidelines that all Toyota employees must embrace. Under two titles Awards for People and Continuous Improvement , Toyota summarizes its values ​​and guides with these five principles :

• Challenges
• Kaizen (upgrade)
• Genchi genbutsu (go and see)
• Respect
• Team work

According to external observers, the Toyota Way has four components:

1. Long-term thinking as the basis for management decisions
2. Process to resolve the issue
3. Add value to the organization by developing people
4. Acknowledging that solving root problems continually encourages organizational learning

The Toyota Way incorporates Toyota's Production System.

Operation

Toyota has long been recognized as an industry leader in manufacturing and production. Three stories of its origins have been found, one of which is that they studied Piggly-Wiggly's just-in-time distribution system, one they followed the writings of W. Edwards Deming, and one that they gave the principles of US government training World War II program (Training in Industry).

As explained by Toyota's external observers, the Toyota Way principles are:

1. Base your management decisions on long-term philosophy, even at the expense of short-term goals
2. Create an ongoing process flow to bring the issue to the surface
3. Use the "pull" system to avoid overproduction
4. Lower workload
5. Create a stop culture to fix the problem, to get the right quality the first time
6. Standardized tasks are the foundation for continuous improvement and employee empowerment
7. Use visual controls so there are no hidden issues
8. Use only trusted and thoroughly tested technology that caters to your people and processes
9. Grow a leader who really understands work, runs philosophy, and teaches it to others
10. Develop outstanding people and teams that follow your corporate philosophy
11. Respect your expanded network of partners and suppliers by challenging them and helping them improve
12. Go and see for yourself to understand the situation thoroughly (genchi genbutsu)
13. Make decisions slowly with consensus, carefully considering all options; implement quick decisions
14. Become a learning organization through endless reflection and continuous improvement (kaizen)

Toyota has grown from its origins in Japan during the 1930s into a large multinational corporation. It replaced GM and became the world's largest car maker for 2008. It holds the title of the most profitable auto maker ( US $ 11 billion in 2006) along with increased sales in, among other countries, America Union. Toyota's world headquarters is located in his home country in Toyota City, Japan. Its subsidiary, Toyota Financial Services sells financing and participates in other business lines. Toyota brands include Scion and Lexus and the corporation is part of the Toyota Group. Toyota also owns 51% of Daihatsu, and 16.7% of Fuji Heavy Industries, which manufactures Subaru vehicles. They also acquired 5.9% of Isuzu Motors Ltd. on November 7, 2006, and will introduce Isuzu diesel technology into their products.

Toyota has introduced a new technology, including one of the first mass-produced hybrid gasoline-generated vehicles, the Prius, which has sold 2 million globally in 2010, Advanced Parking Guidance System (automatic parking), four-speed electronically controlled automatic with buttons for power transfer and economy, and eight-speed automatic transmission. Toyota, and Toyota produce Lexus and Scion cars, consistently rank near the top in certain quality and reliability surveys, especially JD. Power and Consumer Reports even though they took the lead in car withdrawal for the first time in 2009.

In 2005, Toyota, combined with its subsidiary, Daihatsu Motor Company, produced 8.54 million vehicles, about 500,000 fewer than GM produced that year. Toyota has a large market share in the United States, but a small market share in Europe. It also sells vehicles in Africa and is a market leader in Australia. Because of Daihatsu's subsidiary, it has a significant market share in several fast-growing Southeast Asian countries.

According to Fortune Global 500 2017, Toyota is the fifth largest company in the world. Since the recession of 2001, it has gained market share in the United States. Toyota's market share is struggling in Europe where the Lexus brand has 0.3% market share, compared with nearly 2% market share as the leader of the US luxury segment.

In the first three months of 2007, Toyota along with its half-owned subsidiary, Daihatsu, reported sales of number one 2,348 million units. Toyota brand sales increased 9.2% mainly due to demand for Corolla and Camry sedans. The performance difference is largely due to the spike in demand for fuel-efficient vehicles. In November 2006, Toyota Motor Manufacturing Texas added facilities in San Antonio. Toyota has experienced quality problems and is reprimanded by the government in Japan for its withdrawal practices. In 2007, Toyota retained more than 16% of US market share and was listed as the second after GM in volume terms. Toyota Century Royal is the official car of the country from the imperial family of Japan, that is for the current Japanese Emperor.

Toyota was hit by the global financial crisis in 2008 because it was forced in December 2008 to forecast its first annual loss in 70 years. In January 2009, announced the closure of all Japanese plants for 11 days to reduce the output and stock of unsold vehicles.

Akio Toyoda became the company's new president and CEO on June 23, 2009, replacing Katsuaki Watanabe, who became the new vice chairman by replacing Katsuhiro Nakagawa.

Worldwide presence

Toyota has factories in most parts of the world, producing or assembling vehicles for local markets in Japan, Australia (until 2017), India, Sri Lanka, Canada, Indonesia, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, Colombia, United Kingdom, Brazil, Portugal and more recently, Argentina, Czech Republic, Mexico (Tijuana), Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, Egypt, China, Vietnam, Venezuela, Philippines, and Russia.

Toyota net revenue by geographic area for the year ended March 31, 2007:

In 2002, Toyota embarked on an International Innovative Multi-purpose Vehicle (IIMV) project to optimize global manufacturing and supply systems for pickup trucks and multipurpose vehicles, and to meet market demand in more than 140 countries worldwide. IIMV calls for diesel engines to be made in Thailand, gasoline engines in Indonesia, and manual transmissions in India and the Philippines, for supply to countries charged with vehicle production. For vehicle assembly, Toyota will use factories in Thailand, Indonesia, Argentina and South Africa. The four main production and export bases of IIMV supply Asia, Europe, Africa, Oceania, Latin America and the Middle East with three vehicles: Toyota Hilux (Vigo), Fortuner, and Toyota Innova.

North America

The headquarters of Toyota Motor North America is located in Plano, Texas, and operates as a holding company in North America. Its manufacturing headquarters are located in Erlanger, Kentucky, and are known as Toyota Motor Engineering & amp; Producing North America.

Toyota Canada Inc. has been in production in Canada since 1983 with an aluminum wheel mill in Delta, British Columbia, which currently employs about 260 workers. Its first vehicle assembly plant, in Cambridge, Ontario, since 1988, is now producing the Corolla compact. cars, Matrix crossover vehicles, and luxury SUVs Lexus RX 350, with a workforce of 4,300 workers. The second assembly operation in Woodstock, Ontario, began producing RAV4 late 2008. In 2006, Toyota Hino Motors subsidiary opened a heavy truck factory, also in Woodstock, employs 45 people and produces 2000 trucks annually.

Toyota has a large presence in the United States with six major assembly plants in Huntsville, Alabama, Georgetown, Kentucky, Princeton, Indiana, San Antonio, Texas, Buffalo, West Virginia and Blue Springs, Mississippi. Toyota has a joint venture with General Motors at New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. in Fremont, California, which began in 1984 and ended in 2009. It still has a joint venture with Subaru at Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. in Lafayette, Indiana, which began in 2006. At this assembly plant, the Camry and Tundra were produced, among others.

Toyota's marketing, sales and distribution in the US is done through a separate subsidiary, Toyota Motor Sales, USA. Inc. Has started producing larger trucks, such as the new Tundra, to pursue the big truck market in the United States. Toyota also encourages hybrid vehicles in the US such as the Prius, Camry Hybrid, Highlander Hybrid, and Lexus products. Currently, Toyota has no plans to offer diesel motor options in North American products, including light pickup trucks.

Europe

Australia

In 1963, Australia was one of the first countries to collect Toyota outside Japan. However, in February 2014, Toyota was the last of the major Australian carmakers to announce the end of production in Australia. The closure of Toyota's plant in Australia will be completed by 2017. Before Toyota, Ford and GM Holden announced a similar move, all cited unprofitable currencies and high manufacturing costs.

src: t1-cms-1.images.toyota-europe.com

Product line

Electrical technology

Hybrid electric vehicles

Toyota is a world market leader in hybrid electric vehicle sales, one of the largest companies to drive the adoption of mass market hybrid vehicles worldwide, and the first to commercially mass-produce and sell these vehicles, with the introduction of Toyota Prius in 1997. The company is finally starting provides this option on its main passenger car such as the Camry and then with the Lexus division, producing several hybrid luxury vehicles. It labeled such technology in a Toyota car as "Hybrid Synergy Drive " and in the Lexus version as " Lexus Hybrid Drive ". Toyota's cumulative global sales and Lexus hybrid passenger car models missed a 10 million milestone in January 2017. The Prius family is the world's best-selling hybrid board with nearly 4 million units sold worldwide starting in January 2017.

In January 2017, Toyota Motor Corporation sold 33 models of passenger cars Toyota and Lexus hybrids and one plug-in hybrid in more than 90 countries and regions around the world, and car manufacturers expect to achieve annual sales of 1.5 million units, and sales cumulative of 15 million units by 2020. The Prius liftback is the world's best-selling gasoline hybrid car, its sales reaching 3 million units milestone in June 2013, and its cumulative sales since 1997 totaled 3,984,600 units by the end of January 2017. Prius ratings the reappointment as the best-selling hybrid car in the US market, and passing 1 million milestones in April 2011. Prius cumulative sales in Japan reached 1 million in August 2011. In January 2017, Prius liftback sales totaled more than 1.8 million units in Japan and 1.75 million in the United States. Sales of cumulative TMC hybrids since the introduction of the Prius in Europe in 2000 passed the milestone of 1 million units in November 2015.

Worldwide sales of hybrid vehicles produced by Toyota reached 1 million vehicles as of May 31, 2007, and 2 million markers were reached in August 2009, with hybrids sold in 50 countries. 5 million hybrid sales milestone was achieved in March 2013. During 2012, Toyota and Lexus hybrid models sold more than 1 million units per year for the first time, with 1,219,000 units sold. During 2013, TMC sold 1,279,000 units, and sales reached 6 million million in December 2013, just nine months after its newest milestone unit. The sales figure of 7 million was reached in September 2014, again, selling one million hybrids in nine months, and 8 million million milestone sales reached in July 2015, just 10 months after the milestone of the previous million units. The figure of 9 million sales was reached in April 2016, again, selling one million hybrids in just nine months, and 10 million markers in January 2017, again nine months later. Toyota estimates that as of January 31, 2017, its hybrid has saved about 7.66 billion US gallons of gasoline (29 billion liters) compared to the amount used by gasoline-powered vehicles of similar size, and has emitted about 77 million tons less carbon CO2 emissions (CO ₂ ) than those emitted by gasoline-powered vehicles of the same size and driving performance.

In April 2016, apart from four generations of Prius lifters, Toyota's hybrid product line includes the Prius? Prius v/Prius, Aqua/Prius c, Camry Hybrid (first and second generation), Toyota Highlander Hybrid (Kluger Hybrid in Japan), Toyota Avalon Hybrid, Toyota Auris Hybrid, Toyota Yaris Hybrid (European only), and models The following are only sold in Japan: Alphard Hybrid/Vellfire Hybrid, Estima Hybrid, Toyota Sai, Toyota Harrier, Toyota Crown Hybrid, Toyota Crown Mild Hybrid, Toyota Crown Majesta, Corolla Axio, Corolla Fielder, Toyota Voxy/Noah/Esquire, Toyota Sienta, Toyota Corolla Hybrid, Toyota Levin Hybrid, and Toyota RAV4 Hybrid.

Starting in 2011, TMC introduces three new members to the Prius family, Prius v (Prius? In Japan and Prius in Europe), Prius c (Toyota Aqua in Japan), and Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid, released in 2012 in Japan, USA , and Europe. With a total of 247,230 vehicles sold during the first quarter of 2012, the Toyota Prius family became the world's third largest sales board in terms of total global sales after Toyota Corolla (300,800 units) and Ford Focus (277,000 units). As of September 2012, the Prius liftback is Japan's best-selling car for 16 consecutive months, to surpass Toyota Aqua (Prius c) in October 2012. With 266,567 units sold in Japan by 2012, Aqua is considered the most successful nameplate launch in the Japanese market in the last 20 years.

The Prius c/Aqua model, with global sales of 1,380,100 units through January 2017, is TMC's second best-selling hybrid after the Prius liftback, following the Prius?/V/with 671,200 units, and two generations of Camry Hybrid, with 614,700 units sold worldwide, all through January 2017. For both variants of the Prius family, Japan is the top selling market while the US is the best-selling Camry market. The next rank is Auris with 378,000 units sold, with Europe as the top market with 354,600 units sold.

Lexus also has its own hybrid lineup, and in August 2015, it consists of LS 600h/LS 600h L, GS 450h, RX 400h/RX 450h, Lexus HS 250h, Lexus CT 200h, Lexus ES 300h, Lexus IS 300h, Lexus NX 300h, and Lexus RC 300h. Lexus RX 400h/RX 450h's Lexus RX 400h/RX 450h tops Lexus RX 400h/RX 450h tops the list as Lexus hybrid sales with 363,000 units shipped worldwide in January 2017, followed by Lexus CT 200h with 290,800 units, and Lexus ES 300h with 143,200 units.

Plug-in hybrid

Toyota's plug-in hybrid electric vehicle project began in 2007, with road trials from prototype vehicles in France and the UK in 2008. Toyota made 600 Prius plug-in test vehicles for lease to fleet and government customers. 230 were delivered in Japan from the end of December 2009, 125 models were released in the US in early 2010, and 200 units in 18 European countries in 2010. France, Britain and Germany have the largest fleet with 150 PHEV. Canada, China, Australia and New Zealand also participated in a global demonstration program.

The production version of the Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid was released in Japan in January 2012, followed by the United States in late February, and shipments in Europe began in late June 2012. In April 2016, global sales reached 75,400 Prius PHVs since 2012, with North America as a leading regional market with 42,700 units, followed by Japan with around 22,100 units, Europe with 10,500 units, and only about 100 units worldwide. The United States is the country's market leader with 42,320 units shipped until April 2016. The leading European market is the Netherlands with 4,134 units registered on November 30, 2015.

During its first year on the market, a total of 27,279 Prius PHVs were sold worldwide, allowing plug-in versions to rank as the most widely sold plug-in electric cars for 2012. Accounting for cumulative sales from the start, the Prius PHV is an electric car plug- in third best-selling all-time world in December 2014. Production of the first-generation Prius Plug-in ends in June 2015. In May 2015, the Prius Plug-in Hybrid classified as the world's second-highest plug-in hybrid sales forever after the Volt/Ampera family. In April 2016, the Prius plug-in rating among the top plug-in car sales fell to fifth place after Tesla Model S and Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV.

The second generation Prius plug-in hybrid, named Toyota Prius Prime in the US, was unveiled at the 2016 New York International Automotive Exhibition, and was released in the US in November 2016. Unlike the first generation model, it is available in all 50 countries. Sales in Japan starts at 15 February 2017.

All electric vehicles

The first generation Toyota RAV4 EV was hired in the United States from 1997 to 2003, and at the request of tenants, many units were sold after the vehicle was discontinued. A total of 1,484 were leased and/or sold in California to meet the country's CARB mandate for zero-emission vehicles. Until mid-2012, nearly 500 units are still in use.

In May 2010, Toyota launched a collaboration with Tesla Motors to create an electric vehicle. Toyota agreed to buy US $ 50 million of Tesla's common stock after the closing of Tesla's initial public offering. Toyota, with the help of Tesla, built 35 converted RAV4 (Phase Zero vehicles) for a demonstration and evaluation program that lasts through 2011. Metal lithium-oxide batteries and other power train components are supplied by Tesla Motors. Four years later, Toyota, along with Daimler, began to take off at Tesla. Toyota and Daimler generate more than $ 1 billion of investment.

The Toyota RAV4 EV Concept was released in September 2012. The RAV4 EV is assembled at Toyota's facility in Woodstock, Ontario along with regular gasoline versions. Tesla built an electric powertrain at his factory at Tesla Factory in Fremont, California, and then sent him to Canada. The RAV4 EV is only sold in California, starting with San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles/Orange County, and San Diego. Production is limited to 2,600 units over a three-year period. Starting December 31, 2015, a total of 2,340 RAV4 EVs sold in the US to retail customers. Production ends in September 2014.

A prototype Toyota iQ EV (Scion iQ EV in the US) exhibited at the Geneva Motor Show 2011. Scion iQ EV is the successor of the FT-EV II as an electric vehicle based on the Toyota iQ chassis. Toyota produces three generations of FT-EV concept cars, and EV iQ is a production version of those concepts, which combine the power of technology and design of the three models. The exterior of the production version is based on the FT-EV III concept shown at the Tokyo Motor Show 2011.

The launch of the US Scion iQ EV was announced for 2012, and according to Toyota, for the initial launch, the EV iQ will not be available to individual consumers; instead, car manufacturers decided to focus on fleet customers and car sharing programs. EV iQ is scheduled to be produced at Toyota Takaoka Plant in Toyota City starting August 2012 and initial production is planned to be limited to 600 units, with 400 living in Japan, 100 units destined for US and 100 for Europe. In September 2012, Toyota announced that due to customer concerns about the range and timing of charging, the production of Scion iQ (Toyota eQ in Japan) would be limited to about 100 units for the use of special fleets in Japan and US only. EV/eQ iQ is scheduled to be released in both countries in December 2012.

The first 30 EV iQs were delivered in the US to the University of California, Irvine in March 2013 for use in the Zero Vehicle-Network Enabled Transport (ZEV-NET) shark fleet. Since 2002, the ZEV-NET program has served the Irvine community's transportation needs with electric vehicles for the last critical miles from the Irvine train station to the UC campus and local business offices.

In addition, Toyota announced that it was withdrawing from a fully electric vehicle. The vice chairman of the company, Takeshi Uchiyamada, said: "The capabilities of today's electric vehicles do not meet the needs of the community, whether it may be the distance a car can run, or the cost, or how long it takes to charge." Toyota will be refocused on the hybrid concept, and 21 new hybrid gas-electric models are scheduled to be marketed in 2015.

The Toyota project named Ha: mo (Harmonious Mobility Network), using the Toyota i-Road, an all-electric vehicle that combines the potential of cars and motorcycles. This project is being run in Grenoble, France; Toyota City, Japan; and also Tokyo, Japan.

Hydrogen fuel cell

In 2002, Toyota began a development and demonstration program to test Toyota FCHV, a hybrid hydrogen fuel cell vehicle based on Toyota Highlander SUV production. Toyota also built the FCHV bus based on the low-floor bus Hino Blue Ribbon City. Toyota has built several FCHV prototypes/concepts since 1997, including Toyota FCHV-1, FCHV-2, FCHV-3, FCHV-4, and Toyota FCHV-adv. Toyota FCV-R fuel cell concept car was unveiled at the Tokyo Motor Show 2011. The FCV-R four-seat sedan and has a fuel cell stack include a high-pressure hydrogen tank of 70 MPa, which can provide a range of 435 mi (700 km) below the cycle Japanese JC08 test. Toyota says the car is planned to be launched around 2015.

In August 2012, Toyota announced its plans to begin retailing of the hydrogen fuel sedan in California by 2015. Toyota hopes to become a leader in this technology. The first hydrogen fuel cell vehicle prototype will be on display at the Tokyo Motor Show in November 2013, and in the United States at the Consumer Electronics Show in January 2014.

Toyota's first hydrogen fuel cell vehicle sold commercially, Toyota Mirai (Japanese for "future"), was launched at the November 2014 Los Angeles Auto Show. In January 2015 it was announced that the production of Mirai fuel cell vehicles will increase from 700 units in 2015 to about 2,000 by 2016 and 3,000 by 2017. Sales in Japan begin on December 15, 2014, at a price of ¥ 6,700,000 ( ~ US $ 57,400 ). The Japanese government plans to support the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles with a subsidy of ¥ 2,000,000 (~ US $ 19,600 ). Retail sales in the US began in August 2015 at a price of US $ 57,500 before government incentives. Initially, Mirai will only be available in California. The market release in Europe is scheduled for September 2015, and will initially be available only in the UK, Germany and Denmark, followed by other countries by 2017. Prices in Germany start at EUR60,000 (~ US $ 75,140 ) plus VAT (EUR78,540).

In 2015, Toyota released 5,600 patents for free use until 2020, hoping to promote the global development of hydrogen fuel cell technology.

Car

In 2009, Toyota officially registered about 70 different models sold under its brand name, including sedans, coupes, vans, trucks, hybrids, and crossovers. Many of these models are produced as passenger sedans, which range from the compact Toyota Yaris and Corolla subcompacts, to medium-sized Camry and full-size Avalon. Vans include Previa/Estima, Sienna, and others. Some small cars, such as xB and tC, are sold under the Scion brand.

SUV and crossover

The Toyota crossover ranges from a compact Matrix and RAV4, to medium-sized Venza and Kluger/Highlander. Toyota SUV ranges from middle to 4th to full size Land Cruiser. Other SUVs include Prado, FJ Cruiser, Fortuner, and Sequoia.

Pickup truck

Toyota first entered the pickup truck market in 1947 with the SB being sold only in Japan and the limited Asian market. It was followed in 1954 by RK (renamed in 1959 as Stout) and in 1968 by Hilux compact. With continued refinement, Hilux (known as Pickup in some markets) is well known for being extremely durable and reliable, and many of these trucks since the early 1970s are still on the road today, some with over 300,000 miles. The expanded cabin and cabin version of this little hauler was finally added, and Toyota continues to produce it today with various names depending on the market.

Driving in the success of a compact pickup in the US, Toyota decided to try to enter the domestically-dominated domestic pickup market, introducing the T100 for the 1993 US model year, with production ending in 1998. While having a bed in a traditional 8-foot full-size length, suspension and the engine characteristics are still similar to a compact pickup. It proved to be just as economical and reliable as other typical Toyota pickups, but sales never became what Toyota's brass was expecting. It was criticized for being too small to attract buyers of the traditional full-size American pickup. Another important large truck, the V8 engine, is never available. In addition, the truck was initially only available as a regular cab, although Toyota overcame this shortage and added the Xtracab version in mid-1995.

In 1999 for the 2000 model year, Toyota replaced the T100 with a larger Tundra. Tundra criticized that the T100 does not have the look and feel of a legitimate American full-size pickup. It also added a V8 engine that the T100 criticized for not having. However, the Tundra still lost in terms of towing capacity and still feels a bit like a car. This concern was addressed with a larger 2007 redesign. The stronger V6 and second V8 engine among others are added to the options list. In early 2010, Tundra has captured 16% of the full-ton half-size market in the US. All-new Tundra collected in San Antonio, Texas, USA. Toyota collected about 150,000 Standard and Double Cabs, and only 70,000 Crew Max in 2007. The smaller Tacoma (which traces its roots back to the original Hilux) was also produced at the company's San Antonio facility.

Outside the United States, Toyota produces Hilux in Standard and Double Cabs, petrol and diesel engines, and 2WD and 4WD versions. The BBC TV show Top Gear features two episodes of Hilux that are considered "almost indestructible".

Luxury type vehicles

In 2009, the company sold nine luxury branded models under the Lexus division, from the LS sedan to the crossover RX and the LX SUV. The luxury-type sedan is manufactured under the Toyota brand including the Century, Crown, and Crown Majesta. The limited edition model produced for the Emperor of Japan was the Royal Century. Toyota-brand luxury vehicles tend to be only for Japan.

The pleasure boat

In 1997, building on previous partnerships with Yamaha Marine, Toyota created the "Toyota Marine", built a private proprietary motor boat, which is currently only sold in Japan. A small network in Japan sells luxury craft in 54 locations, called the "Toyota Ponam" series, and by 2017, a ship is labeled with the Lexus brand name starting May 26, 2017.

src: www.autoguide.com

Motorports

Toyota has been involved in many series of global sport bikes. They also represent their Lexus brand in other sports car racing categories. Toyota also makes engines and other auto parts for other Japanese motor sport including Formula Nippon, Super GT, Formula 3, and Formula Toyota Series. Toyota also runs a driver development program known as the Toyota Young Drivers Program, which they created to fund and educate future Japanese motorsports talents. Toyota Motorsport GmbH, with headquarters in Cologne, Germany, has been responsible for the development of Toyota's major sport bikes including Formula One, World Rally Championships, Le Mans Series, and the most recent FIA World Endurance Championship. Toyota enjoys success in all categories of motor sport. In 2002, Toyota entered Formula One as a supplier of constructors and machines; However, despite having experienced drivers and larger budgets than many other teams, they fail to match their success in other categories, with the five second places finished as their best results. On November 4, 2009, Toyota announced it was withdrawing from the sport due to the global economic situation.

Toyota's national racer drivers for Etios Motor Racing Series drivers end up with a choice of 25 riders, who will participate in the race in 2013.

TRD

Toyota Racing Development (TRD) was brought in to help develop high-performance racing parts for many Toyota vehicles. TRD often succeeds with their aftermarket tuning parts, as well as designing technology for vehicles used in all forms of racing. TRD is also responsible for Toyota's involvement in NASCAR motor sport. TRD also makes the performance division of Lexus "F-Sport".

src: s1.cdn.autoevolution.com

Non-automotive activities

Aerospace

Toyota is a minority shareholder in Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation, having invested US $ 67.2 million in a new venture that will produce Mitsubishi Regional Jet, which is scheduled for its first shipment by 2017. Toyota has also studied participation in the aviation market and contracted with Scaled Composites to produce proof of concept aircraft, TAA-1, in 2002.

Philanthropy

Toyota supports philanthropic work in areas such as education, conservation, safety, and disaster relief.

Several organizations working with Toyota in the US include the American Red Cross, Boys and Girls Club, Leaders in Environmental Action for the Future (LEAF), and the National Center for Family Literacy.

The Toyota USA Foundation exists to support education in science, technology, engineering, and math.

In addition, Toyota works with nonprofit organizations to improve their processes and operations such as Food Bank For New York City.

Toyota also supports various jobs in Japan.

The Toyota Foundation takes a global perspective on providing grants in three areas of the human and natural environment, social welfare, and education and culture.

Higher education

Toyota founded the Toyota Technological Institute in 1981, as Sakichi Toyoda had planned to establish a university as soon as he and Toyota became successful. Toyota Technological Institute founded Toyota Technological Institute in Chicago in 2003. Toyota is a supporter of Toyota Driving Expectations Program, Toyota Youth to Understand the Summer Scholarship Program, Toyota International Teacher Program, Toyota TAPESTRY, Toyota Community Scholars (Scholarship for High School Students) Apprenticeship of the United States Women's Chamber, and Toyota Funded Scholarship. It has contributed to a number of local education and scholarship programs for the University of Kentucky, Indiana, and others.

Robotics

In 2004, Toyota exhibited its trumpet robot. Toyota has developed multit

Source of the article : Wikipedia