Introductory delivery , forwarder , or forwarding agent , also known as non-vessel operators operating ( NVOCC ), is the person or company that arranges the shipment for an individual or company to obtain goods from producer or producer to market, customer, or final distribution point. Forwarders contract with operators or often multiple carriers to move goods. The forwarder does not move the goods but acts as an expert in the logistics network. These operators can use a variety of shipping modes, including ships, aircraft, trucks, and railroad tracks, and often use multiple modes for a single shipment. For example, a freight forwarder may arrange for cargo to be transferred from the factory to the airport by truck, flown to the destination city, then transferred from the airport to the customer's premises by another truck.
Introduction to international expeditions usually handles international shipments. International freight forwarders have additional expertise in preparing and processing customs and other documentation and conducting activities related to international shipments.
Information normally reviewed by a freight forwarder including commercial invoices, export declarations of shippers, bills of lading and other documents required by exporting, importing, and/or transshipment companies or countries. Much of this information is now processed in a paperless environment.
FIATA's brief description of the delivery of goods as "Transport Architect" illustrates the forwarder's commercial position relative to its client. In Europe, several expeditions specialize in the field of "niche" such as rail transport, and collection and delivery around large ports.
Video Freight forwarder
History
One of the earliest expedition companies was Thomas Meadows and Company Limited in London, England, founded in 1836. According to "Understanding the Freight Business," written and published by the executive staff of Thomas Meadows and Company in 1972, the emergence of a reliable rail. transportation and steamboat creates demand for the new freight industry. Trade flourished between Europe and North America, creating additional demand. The first international freight forwarder is an innkeeper in London who withholds and reinstates the personal effects of their hotel guests.
The original function of the forwarder is to manage the carriage by contract with various operators. Responsibility for forwarding includes advice on customs documentation and requirements in the destination country. His foreign correspondent agent keeps his customers' goods and gives him information about things that will affect the movement of the goods.
In modern times, forwarders accept the same responsibility. It operates either as a domestic operator or vice versa with an appropriate agent abroad or with its own branch office. In one transaction, the sender may act as an operator (principal) or as an agent for his or her customers or both.
Maps Freight forwarder
Document transfer fee/document handing fee
International shipping companies, NVOCCs and customs brokers often charge a fee for transferring documents to other transportation companies at their destination. This fee is part of the cost of sea freight, payable by importers at the FOB (free on board) International Commercial Term (incoterm) port, and by exporters in the origin country in CFR (cost and shipping incoterms) and CIF (cost, insurance and delivery). This fee is separate from the documentation fee charged by the operator and NVOCC as part of the shipping cost on the bill of lading and is separate from other fees for document preparation or for cargo release. Some companies refer to this as administrative costs, document fees, document transfer fees, but are in some form in most destinations and are well known to most senders. Steamship operators do not have these costs.
National variation
Australia
In Australia, most licensed Customs Agents (commonly referred to as Customs Brokers) operate under a freight forwarder.
Bangladesh
Freight forwarder must have a government license.
Canada
Transport Canada is the federal department responsible for implementing and enforcing transportation policies and programs. The Canadian Border Service Agency is responsible for upholding most of the regulations affecting international shipping companies. The measure of international security is a dominant concern.
The Canadian International Freight Forwarders Association (CIFFA) was established in 1948 to support and protect the character, status and interest of foreign cargo forwarders by establishing uniform trade practices and regulations. CIFFA also plays an educational role by providing certificates and advanced certificate programs.
India
The Federation of Freight Forces Association of India (FFFAI) is an Apex Agency and a Single Representative of 28 Association Members from all over India representing 6500 Custom House Agents (employing over 110,000 people).
ireland
International goods trade is worth EUR148 billion for the Irish economy. 82% of manufactured products are exported, further highlighting the importance of shipping expeditions to the national economy. Associations including the Irish International Freight Association and FIATA help maintain industry professionalism through educational and representative roles. FIATA offers Diploma in Freight Transportation.
Kenya and Tanzania
In Kenya and Tanzania, freight companies are usually called clearing and forwarding agents. License is required, which can be obtained from Kenya Revenue Authority and Tanzania Revenue Authority respectively. Freight forwarders in Kenya and Tanzania are responsible for clearing shipments through Kenya and Tanzania customs, arranging transport and forwarding shipments to recipients. Exports and imports must clear customs in Kenya/Tanzania.
Nigeria
Freight-forwarding in Nigeria has existed since the export of peanuts as cash crops beginning in 1914, although not initially as a delivery of goods but as a means of transporting goods and services from one country to another. Following their ancestral British methodology, agents were used to facilitate the transport of goods and services.
Pakistan
Pakistan International Freight Forwarders Association PIFFA has over 500 expedition companies as members. This association is registered with the Ministry of Commerce, the Government. Pakistan, and aims to provide effective representation and support to the Pakistani freight forwarding industry to adhere to the highest standards of professional competence. PIFFA also contributes to educating shippers by offering short courses and internationally recognized diplomas validated by FIATA. PIFFA is a local representative of FIATA and member association for Pakistan.
English
In the US, shipping companies are not licensed, but many of them are members of BIFA (The British International Freight Association). BIFA is a trade association for UK registered firms engaged in international goods movement with all modes of transportation, air, road, rail and sea. BIFA has about 1500 company members, commonly known as an expedition company, offering services in these modes.
BIFA provides:
Representation of Information and Technical Guidance of Training and Development of Industrial Promotion
Training and Development BIFA provides industry training not only for members, but also for international traders. Courses are run throughout the year at various locations throughout the UK. Subjects covered include customs procedures, dangerous goods, security, import/export and international trade procedures.
AS
Companies that handle US domestic shipments by road must be registered with the US Transportation Transportation Safety Administration of the US Department of Transportation. Such forwarders are "operators" who accept shipments for transportation and are responsible for delivering goods under their own bills of lading.
International ocean freight companies arranging shipments to and from the US must be licensed by the Federal Maritime Commission as a Intermediary of Sea Transport . Intermediary Sea Transportation is one of the marine freight forwarder or non-operating general operators (NVOCC). A sea freight forwarder is an "individual or company in the United States that sends shipments from the United States through a public carrier and book or arranges space for the delivery of goods on behalf of the shipper; preparing sea processor processing and process documentation and undertaking related activities related to delivery. "An NVOCC is" a public carrier that brings itself out to the public to provide sea transportation, publishes a bill of lading or equivalent document but does not operate cargo ships "or," shipper in connection with vessels a general carrier operating on a vessel engaged in cargo movement. "The company may obtain both licenses and may act in both capacities.The difference between US law is that the freight forwarder acts as an agent of the principal (usually the sender or receiver) while the NVOCC is transport companies (operators) who are physically responsible for transporting goods and acting as their own Principals Strictest companies such as Sea Freight Transportation usually do not issue their own billing contracts ( bill of lading ) and as an agent is generally not responsible for loss physical or cargo damage except in cases of errors in judgment or documents or fiduciary responsibilities. NVOCC acts as a sea cargo carrier and issues their own bill of lading and is legally liable for physical loss or damage under the terms and conditions of the bill of lading and their rates. Similar to other countries, freight forwarding companies dealing with international air transport often obtain accreditation with the International Air Transport Association (IATA) as cargo agents; however, they must obtain an Indirect Air Carrier (IAC) certification from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). If you import merchandise into the US for commercial purposes worth more than $ 2,500, you must purchase a Customs Bond.
See also
- Related Global System
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments